AIM:To isolate, culture and identify the nanobacteria (NB) from aqueous humor of patients with age-related cataract in our department. METHODS:Sample nanobacteria in aqueous humor of 30 patients with age-related cataract were collected for NB culture in this study. Immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the appearance and components of cultured NB. RESULTS:Twelve aqueous samples out of 30 (40%) showed growth of NB, 1 of 5 showed growth of NB in the saline control group, but none growth in the control group. TEM showed needle-like nanobacteria aggregates of different sizes. CONCLUSION:For the first time we isolated, cultured and identified nanobacteria in aqueous of patients with age-related cataract, indicating that nanobacteria infection is related with age-related cataract.