It-s right ten years since Vision 2020 was first initiated. Although it was suggested that China ranked the fifth in the top 20 countries sorted by articles in all fields from Essential Science Indicators, the research status in ophthalmology from Chinese authors in various parts were unknown. We aimed to compare the outputs of ophthalmology articles published in international journals from the three major regions of China - Mainland (ML), Hong Kong (HK) and Taiwan (TW) during the past ten years. Articles published in ophthalmology journals originating from the ML, TW and HK from 2000 to 2009 were retrieved from the PubMed database. The number of articles, impact factors (IF) and articles published in top ophthalmology journals were conducted for quantity and quality comparison. There were 2493 articles from ML (1076), TW (784) and HK (633). The total number of articles from the three regions increased significantly from 2000 to 2009 (from 99 to 491). The number of articles published per year from the ML has exceeded those from TW and HK in 2006. The accumulated IF of the articles from ML (2565.108) was higher than TW (1794.049) and HK (1544.021). HK had the highest average IF of ophthalmology articles among the three regions. The ML had great progress in quantity of ophthalmology articles published in international journals and was narrowing the article quality gap with the other two regions during the past ten years. "