目的：寻找一种更好的制作视网膜石蜡切片方法，探讨不同时间点视网膜层细胞凋亡蛋白Bax表达含量变化与死亡时间的关系。 方法：将Wistar大鼠按死后0，12，24，36h随机分为A，B，C，D四组，各组的眼球标本应用本研究新型改进方法制作石蜡切片后，分别做HE、免疫组织化学、荧光染色；进行图像分析与统计学处理。 结果：采用改进的石蜡切片制作方法，HE染色显示死后0h各组视网膜组织结构和层次均基本保持完整, 细胞形态清晰；随着时间的延长，视网膜各层逐渐发生紊乱并出现核固缩。免疫组织化学、免疫荧光染色结果均显示随着死亡时间的延长，A、B、C三组Bax表达含量依次增多，D组下降。两两比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论：改进的石蜡视网膜组织切片制作方法较好，值得推广。Wistar大鼠死后不同时间视网膜层细胞凋亡蛋白Bax表达与死亡时间具有相关性，为法医进一步推断死亡时间的研究奠定了基础。"

To search for a new better method of making paraffin section in the rat retina,and to explore the relationship between the expression of apoptosis protein Bax and the time of death in retinal cells. METHODS:According to different time of the death, Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups(group A,0 hour; group B,12 hours; group C, 24 hours; group D, 36 hours).After using the new fixative method for rats retina, each group was respectively observed and analyzed by the HE, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence; then processed by image analysis and statistical treatment. RESULTS:Each group of retinal tissue was essentially integrated, the cells form distinct; Each retinal layer became raritas and exhibited pyknosis gradually as time prolonging; the results of variance of immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence indicated that the expression of Bax in groupA, groupB, groupC rat retinal cells tended to increase with time, but group D reduced; there was a significant difference between any two groups by analysis of variance(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:The new improved method of making paraffin section is better comparatively, possesses of popularization and application value. The expression of apoptosis protein Bax in retinal cells has correlation with postmortem interval(PMI), which provides scientific base for the clinical application of it.

中国山东省自然科学基金资助项目（No. ZR2010HLO43）；中国潍坊市科技局立项课题资助项目（No. 200902072）