目的：探讨先天性鼻泪管阻塞的临床特点及影响泪道探通术效果的因素。方法：本研究通过回顾性分析2010-06/2011-05在我院眼科就诊并行泪道探通术的先天性鼻泪管阻塞的患儿616例687眼,研究内容包括：初次就诊年龄、泪道探通术时年龄、性别、分娩方式、有无脓性分泌物、既往泪道冲洗和泪道探通术病史。总结其临床特点并通过分析以上各因素与泪道探通术成功率的关系,研究先天性鼻泪管阻塞治疗效果的影响因素。泪道探通术成功的标准为：流泪和眼部分泌物等症状消失,泪道冲洗通畅。结果：剖宫产和自然分娩患儿在泪道探通术成功率方面没有统计学差异（P=0.376）,男女之间也没有统计学差异（P=0.498）。泪道探通术成功率与泪道探通术年龄呈负相关关系（r=-0.328,P=0.001）。3～,6～,9～,12～15,＞15月龄手术成功率分别为：100%,97.8%,90.8%,833%和76.5%。有脓性分泌物的患儿手术成功率明显下降（P=0.013）。患儿既往泪道冲洗病史对泪道探通术成功率影响不大（P=0.561）。但有外院泪道探通术病史的患儿,其手术成功率显著下降（P=0.042）。结论：先天性鼻泪管阻塞的泪道探通术成功率随着年龄的增长而下降,而且脓性分泌物也是泪道探通术失败的危险因素。因此对于先天性鼻泪管阻塞的患儿,有效局部控制炎症和早期行泪道探通术是提高泪道探通术成功率的关键。

AIM: To investigate the clinical features of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and affecting factors of the outcome of lacrimal probing.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 616 infants (687 eyes) with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction who underwent lacrimal probing in the Department of Ophthalmology of Shenzhen Children's Hospital between June 2010 and May 2011. The main study items include the following: age at the initial consulting, age at the time of lacrimal probing, gender, mode of delivery, purulent secretion, past history of lacrimal rinsing, past history of lacrimal probing. We sumed up the clinical features and investigated the possible relationship between the above clinical parameters and success rate of lacrimal probing. The criterion for success of lacrimal probing is defined as: disappearance of epiphora and purulent secretion, and patency confirmed by lacrimal rinsing.RESULTS:There was no significant difference on the success rate of lacrimal probing between natural birth and Cesarean birth (P=0.376). The success rate of lacrimal probing between male and female infants also showed no significant difference (P=0.498). The success rate of lacrimal probing is negatively associated with the age at the time of lacrimal probing (P=0.001). The success rate of lacrimal probing at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months was 100%,97.8%,90.8%,83.3% and 76.5% respectively (P=0.018). The success rate of lacrimal probing in infants with purulent secretion was significantly decreased (P=0.013). Past history of lacrimal rinsing did not influence the success rate of lacrimal probing (P=0.561). However, infants with past history of lacrimal probing showed significantly reduced success rate of lacrimal probing as compared with those without past history of lacrimal probing (P=0.042).CONCLUSION:The success rate of lacrimal probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction decreased significantly with the increasing age. Purulent secretion was also risk factor for the failure of lacrimal probing. It is important to effectively control local inflammation and perform lacrimal probing as earlier in order to increase the success rate of lacrimal probing for infants with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.