Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION)is clinical common presentation of acute ischemic and anoxic damage to the optic nerve. The condition is caused by the blood circulation disorder of the optic nerve head supplied by the short posterior ciliary arteries. NAION is the most common ischemic optic neuropathy(ION). Now the related risk pathogenic factors of NAION in the population of plateau regions are reviewed simply.