AIM:To investigate the retinal thickness change of high myopia amblyopic children, so as to discuss the relationships between the retinal thickness of central fovea of macula and the factors of axis oculi and age.

METHODS:Thirty-nine children(65 eyes)with the average age of(9.91±3.41)years were recruited. All eyes were ruled out the pathological changes of fundus diseases and front section. After atropine optometry, they were divided into three groups: high myopia amblyopic group(24 eyes), high myopia group(19 eyes)and normal group(22 eyes). Retinal scans were obtained for all eyes using Heidelberg optical coherence tomography(OCT). Subfoveal macular thickness, retinal thickness at 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm superior(S, 12:00 position), temporal(T, 9:00 position), inferior(I, 6:00 position)and nasal(N, 3:00 position)from the fovea were measured and axial length was also surveyed by A-ultrasound. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate retinal thickness at each location and to correlate subfoveal macular thickness with axial length and age.

RESULTS:The average subfoveal macular thinkness of the high myopia amblyopic group was thinner than high myopia group but thicker than normal group. There was no statistical difference between three groups(P>0.05). Retinal thickness inferior to the fovea at 0.5mm temporal and superior to the fovea in the high myopia amblyopic group at 1.0mm temporal were both thinner than normal group which had statistically significant(P<0.05). Retinal thickness on nasal, superior, temporal, and inferior at 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm from the fovea were measured, high myopia amblyopic group were the thinnest in the three groups, and there was statistically significant between three groups(P<0.05). There was no correlation between the average subfoveal macular thickness and axial length, age in high myopia amblyopic group.

CONCLUSION:There are significant abnormalities of macula retinal structure in high myopia amblyopic children.