AIM: To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness and peripapillary topographic map's parameters between amblyopic eyes and non-amblyopic eyes in adolescent with anisometropic amblyopia by optical coherence tomography(OCT).

METHODS: Thirty-four juveniles with anisometropic amblyopia were selected. Peripapillary RNFL thickness and peripapillary topographic map were measured by frequency domain OCT with both eyes in all participants, and the differences between amblyopic eyes and non-amblyopic eyes were compared.

RESULTS: There was no significant difference in average thickness of peripapillary RNFL and in any other region of peripapillary RNFL. The disc area in amblyopic eyes was bigger than that in non-amblyopic eyes(t=2.8054,P=0.0263). The disc area in amblyopic eyes were significantly related to the thickness of nasal RNFL and the rim area(r=0.7592,0.7501; P=0.0289,0.0321).

CONCLUSION: There existed some difference in peripapillary structure between amblyopic eyes and non-amblyopic eyes in adolescent with anisometropic amblyopia.