方法：纳入白内障手术患者共89例111 眼，其中对照组(A组)共40例59眼，为非糖尿病的白内障患者； 实验组(B组)有49例52 眼，均确诊为2型糖尿病2a以上。所有患者在术前行常规的检测，如视力、最佳矫正视力、眼压、白内障混浊程度等。最后进行术后常规检查，于术前、术后1d，1wk，1mo行OCT检测黄斑区视网膜的变化。复查时检查患者视力、眼压、人工晶状体位置和眼底情况。

结果：单纯白内障患者较患有糖尿病合并白内障的患者，在白内障手术之后的最佳矫正视力更好，差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.38，P=0.004)。光学相干断层扫描呈现：(1)糖尿病患者接受白内障手术后1wk黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度就有了显著的增厚。而非糖尿病患者术后1mo黄斑中心凹视网膜才出现显著的增厚现象。(2)糖尿病患者接受白内障手术后1d黄斑中心凹神经上皮层视网膜厚度就有了显著的增厚。而非糖尿病患者术后1mo黄斑中心凹神经上皮层视网膜才出现显著的增厚现象。(3)糖尿病患者接受白内障手术后1wk黄斑中心凹色素上皮层视网膜厚度就有了显著的增厚，在1mo之后恢复正常。而非糖尿病患者术后1mo黄斑中心凹色素上皮层视网膜才出现显著的增厚现象。

结论：糖尿病合并白内障较单纯白内障的患者术后黄斑水肿发生几率更高，且水肿程度更加严重。血-视网膜屏障破坏是超声乳化白内障吸除术后视网膜损伤的主要原因。黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度增加越明显，术后视力恢复越差。

METHODS: Control group(Group A)had 40 patients with 59 eyes, who were all diagnosed as cataract but no diabetes history. Experiment group(Group B)had 49 patients with 52 eyes, and patients were all diagnosed as Type 2 diabetes for over 2a with cataract. All patients were examined using OCT before and after operation, including regular eye examinations. At 1d, 1wk and 1mo after operations, those data were examined again, except OCT.

RESULTS: Compare to patients both had cataract and diabetes, cataract patients showed a better visual acuity after operation(χ²=8.38,P=0.004). Thickness of central fovea of macula: for patients both had cataract and diabetes, their central fovea of macula thickened significantly in 1wk after operation. However, for patients only had cataract, thickness of their central fovea of macula did not increase until 1mo after operation. Thickness of strata neuro- epithelium at central fovea of macula area: for patients both had cataract and diabetes, their strata neuro- epithelium thickened in 1d after operation. However, for patients only with cataract, it did not happen until 1mo. Thickness of pigmentary epithelium at central fovea of macula area: for patients both had cataract and diabetes, their pigmentary epithelium thickened in 1wk after operation. However, for patients only with cataract, it was not until 1mo.

CONCLUSION: Patients with cataract and diabetes are more likely to develop macular hydroncus after operation, and it is more serious than patients with cataract alone. Blood-retinal barrier damage is the major cause for retinal damage after phacoemulsification. Corrected visual acuity is along with the thickness of pigmentary epithelium at central fovea of macula area.