Consecutive exotropia is not uncommon in clinical practice, but the domestic researches on the disease and its risk factors are rare. This article aims to summarize the risk factors of consecutive exotropia after surgery of esotropia and to discuss the treatment of consecutive exotropia so as to provide references for identifying risk factors for consecutive exotropia before operation, and to reduce the incidence of overcorrection, in order to guide the surgical design of esotropia and diagnosis as well as treatment of consecutive exotropia.