Ocular decompression retinopathy(ODR)is defined as multiple hemorrhagic retinopathy following abrupt lowering of intraocular pressure(IOP)that is not explained by another process. It is frequently associated with glaucoma surgeries, but also occurs in conjunction with other ocular surgical or medical procedures. Most patients are asymptomatic, so it may be difficult to detect clinically. We review the recent articles to better understand the risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, imaging, differential diagnoses, management and prognosis of ODR.