目的：探究先天性白内障患者角膜内皮细胞和角膜厚度的变化规律，为研究该病的特点和机制奠定基础。

方法：回顾分析2014-08/2018-12在我院确诊为先天性白内障并住院手术的患者141例，使用非接触型角膜内皮细胞显微镜测量角膜内皮细胞密度(ECD)、平均面积(AVE)、面积标准差(SD)、变异系数(CV)、六边形细胞百分比(Hex)和中央角膜厚度(CCT)。采用偏相关分析评估上述参数与年龄的关系，并使用逐步多元回归分析进行曲线拟合； 采用协方差分析比较双眼和单眼患者、不同性别患者上述参数的差异。

结果：先天性白内障患者ECD与年龄呈显著负相关，AVE、SD均与年龄呈显著正相关，拟合曲线分别为ECD=3957.33-306.62×ln(年龄)、AVE=178.77+27.39×ln(年龄)和SD=77.13×e^{0.013×年龄}。女性患者CV显著大于男性(P=0.044)。双眼患者右眼SD和CV明显大于单眼患者患眼(P=0.037、0.028)和健眼(P=0.007、0.003)，Hex明显小于单眼患者患眼(P=0.006)和健眼(P=0.009)，CCT明显大于单眼患者健眼(P=0.041)。

结论：先天性白内障可影响角膜内皮细胞和角膜厚度，尤其对SD、CV、Hex和CCT影响显著，ECD、AVE和SD随年龄的增长而变化，女性患者CV大于男性患者。

METHODS: From August 2014 to December 2018, 141 patients diagnosed with congenital cataract before surgery in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Their endothelial cell density(ECD), average size(AVE), standard deviation of size(SD), coefficient of variation(CV), Hexagonality(Hex)and central corneal thickness(CCT)were measured with non-contact specular microscope. The data were statistically analyzed using partial correlation analysis to detect the correlation among patients' ECD, AVE, SD, CV, Hex, CCT and age, and we conducted curve fitting with multiple stepwise regression. We compared male and female patients', bilateral and unilateral cataract's parameters above by covariance analysis.

RESULTS: The correlation between patients' ECD, AVE, SD and age was significant, and the fitting curve was obtained with equation ECD=3957.33-306.62×ln(age)、AVE=178.77+27.39×ln(age)and SD=77.13×e^0.013×age respectively. CV was significantly greater in female patients than that in male patients(P=0.044). SD and CV was significantly greater in right eyes of bilateral cataract than that in affected eyes(P=0.037, P=0.028 respectively)and healthy eyes(P=0.007, P=0.003 respectively)from unilateral cataract, Hex was significantly less in right eyes of bilateral cataract than that in affected eyes(P=0.006)and healthy eyes(P=0.009)from unilateral cataract, CCT was significantly greater in right eyes of bilateral cataract than that in healthy eyes(P=0.041)from unilateral cataract.

CONCLUSION: Congenital cataract may affect corneal endothelial cells and corneal thickness, especially SD, CV, Hex and CCT. Patients' ECD, AVE and SD changes with age. Female patients may have greater CV than male patients.