[关键词]
[摘要]
近年来，随着社会经济的发展、科技的进步及生活方式的改变，近视发病率逐年提高且有低龄化趋势。且随着新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019， COVID-19)的爆发，儿童青少年长时间近距离地网络上课加速了近视发生发展的速度。近视所导致的视力障碍以及高度近视引起的严重并发症已经严重影响到人们的生活、学习和工作质量。因此，世界卫生组织与国际防盲协会及我国卫生部门已将儿童青少年近视的防控工作提上日程。然而其病因复杂，现多认为与遗传、环境等因素有关，本文就此展开简要论述。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
In recent years, with the development of social economy, the progress of science and technology and the change of life style, the prevalence of myopia has increased year by year and has a younger trend, and with the outbreak of COVID-19, children and adolescents attending short-distance online classes for a long time has accelerated the occurrence and development of myopia. Visual impairment caused by myopia and serious complications caused by high myopia have seriously affected people's quality of life, study and work. Therefore, the World Health Organization, the International Association for the Prevention of Blindness and China's health departments have put the prevention and control of myopia among children and adolescents on the agenda. However, the etiology is complex, and now it is considered to be related to genetic, environmental and other factors, which is briefly discussed in this review.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(No.2019D01C176,2019D01C179)
