目的：了解新疆生产建设兵团某师中小学生的视力不良现状，分析主要的影响因素，为视力不良防控提供科学依据。

方法：采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，于2020-08/10抽取新疆生产建设兵团某师城区和团场共12所学校，共计2 982名中小学生，进行视力检查和问卷调查，对视力不良影响因素进行Logistic回归分析。

结果：新疆生产建设兵团某师2 982名中小学生视力不良率为65.66%，且以重度视力不良为主。视力不良率女生(70.17%)高于男生(61.47%)(χ²=4.993，P<0.001)，城区(70.03%)高于团场(58.96%)(χ²=38.680，P<0.001)，汉族(66.83%)高于维吾尔族(52.82%)(χ²=19.772，P<0.001)。随着年龄段增加，视力不良率呈上升走向(χ²_趋势=300.144，P<0.001)，到≥18岁年龄段，视力不良率已达80.47%。多因素分析结果显示，女性、年龄≥13岁、每天读写时间≥2h、周末上补习班以及父母存在近视会增加患视力不良的危险，多去户外运动、睡眠时间≥8h以及每天做眼保健操可以减少视力不良的发生。

结论：新疆生产建设兵团某师中小学生视力不良率高于全国多个地区水平，重点关注人群是父母存在近视，且年龄≥13岁的女生，多去户外运动、每天做眼保健操以及读写时保持眼睛距离书本超过一尺可预防视力不良。

METHODS: A total of 12 primary and secondary schools in a divisional urban district and regiment field of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were chosen using stratified cluster random sampling from August to October 2020. A total of 2 982 primary and secondary school students were selected for visual inspections and questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of poor vision.

RESULTS: The rate of poor vision was 65.66% among 2 982 primary and secondary school students in the division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, with the majority severe poor vision. Furthermore, the rates of poor vision were higher in girls(70.17%)than that in boys(61.47%)(χ²=4.993, P<0.001)and the urban area(70.03%)were higher than the rural area(58.96%)(χ²=38.680, P<0.001)and the Han nationality students(66.83%)were higher than Uyghur students(52.82%)(χ²=19.772, P<0.001). The risk of poor vision increased with age(χ²_trend =300.144, P<0.001), and by the age group ≥18 years old, the rate of poor vision reached 80.47%. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the women, the age≥13 years old, writing and reading duration every day ≥2h, cram school on weekends and presence of myopia in parents increases the risk of poor vision, increase the outdoor exercise time, sleep time ≥8h, and do eye exercises every day can reduce the occurrence of poor vision.

CONCLUSION: Poor vision rate of primary and secondary school students in the division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is higher than that of many regions in the country. Girls with the age(≥13 years old)whose parents are myopic should receive special attention. Increasing outdoor exercise time, doing eye exercises every day, and keeping your eyes more than one foot away from books when reading and writing is effective in preventing poor vision.