目的：了解新疆叶城县维吾尔族6～12岁儿童近视及远视储备现状。

方法：采用横断面研究，共有来自新疆叶城县维吾尔族6～12岁的50 151名学生均接受了全面的视力筛查检查，其中包括全自动电脑验光仪进行验光、室内远用灯箱式E字标准对数视力表(GB 11533)测裸眼远视力及戴镜矫正视力。

结果：2021-10/2022-01新疆叶城县维吾尔族6～12岁近视儿童等效球镜度(SE)为-0.875(-1.625，-0.625)D，近视检出率为6.75%(3384/50151)，其中6～12岁近视儿童SE分别为6岁-0.75(-1.125，-0.625)D、7岁-0.75(-1.125，-0.625)D、8岁-0.875(-1.125，-0.625)D、9岁-0.875(-1.375，-0.625)D、10岁-0.875(-1.6，-0.625)D、11岁-0.875(-1.625，-0.625)D、12岁-1.25(-2.125，-0.75)D。6～12岁非近视儿童SE为+0.25(-0.125，+0.5)D，远视储备不足检出率为75.51%，其6～12岁非近视儿童SE分别为6岁+0.25(-0.125，+0.5)D、7岁+0.25(0，+0.5)D、8岁+0.125(-0.125，+0.5)D、9岁+0.25(-0.125，+0.5)D、10岁+0.125(-0.125，+0.5)D、11岁+0.125(-0.125，+0.5)D、12岁+0.25(-0.125，+0.625)D。近视检出率分别为6岁6.78%、7岁5.64%、8岁5.72%、9岁5.36%、10岁5.01%、11岁6.82%、12岁12.14%； 非近视远视储备不足检出率分别为6岁91.67%、7岁92.04%、8岁92.91%、9岁83.85%、10岁68.89%、11岁54.01%、12岁26.71%。9～12岁非近视儿童女生远视储备不足检出率高于男生(χ²=8.94、19.99、19.91、39.11，均P<0.05)； 10～12岁儿童女生近视检出率高于男生(χ²=5.402、8.493、36.9711，均P<0.05)。

结论：新疆叶城县维吾尔族6～12岁儿童近视患病率6.75%，而非近视远视储备不足检出率高达75.51%，预测近视高危儿童人数较多，故儿童的远视储备早期监测对于近视防控策略至关重要。

METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, a total of 50 151 Uyghur students aged 6～12 years from Yecheng county of Xinjiang underwent comprehensive vision screening, including automatic computer optometry, indoor remote light box E-word standard logarithmic visual acuity chart(GB 11533), to measure the naked eye distant vision and corrected vision with lens.

RESULTS: From October 2021 to January 2022, the spherical equivalent(SE)of 6-12 year old Uyghur myopic children was -0.875(-1.625, -0.625)D, and the detection rate of myopia was 6.75%(3384/50151)in Yecheng county of Xinjiang. The SE of the myopic children aged 6～12 was -0.75(-1.125, -0.625)D, -0.75(-1.125, -0.625)D, -0.875(-1.125, -0.625)D, -0.875(-1.375, -0.625)D, -0.875(-1.6, -0.625)D, -0.875(-1.625, -0.625)D, -1.25(-2.125, -0.75)D, respectively. The SE of non-myopic children aged 6～12 was +0.25(-0.125, +0.5)D, and the detection rate of insufficient hyperopia reserve was 75.51%. The SE of the non-myopic children aged 6～12 was +0.25(-0.125, +0.5)D, +0.25(0, +0.5)D, +0.125(-0.125, +0.5)D, +0.25(-0.125, +0.5)D, +0.125(-0.125, +0.5)D, +0.125(-0.125, +0.5)D, +0.25(-0.125, +0.625)D, respectively. The detection rates of myopia children aged 6～12 were 6.78%, 5.64%, 5.72%, 5.36%, 5.01%, 6.82%, 12.14%, respectively. The detection rates of insufficient hyperopia reserve children aged 6～12 were 91.67%, 92.04%, 92.91%, 83.85%, 68.89%, 54.01%, 26.71%, respectively. The detection rate of insufficient hyperopia reserve in non-myopic girls aged 9～12 years old was higher than that in boys(χ²=8.94, 19.99, 19.91 and 39.11, all P<0. 05); The detection rate of myopia in 10～12 year old girls was higher than that in boys(χ²=5.402, 8.493 and 36.9711, all P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence rate of myopia among Uyghur children aged 6～12 years in Yecheng county of Xinjiang was 6.75%, while the detection rate of insufficient hyperopia reserve in non-myopic children reached up to 75.51%. It is predicted that there are a large number of children at high risk of myopia. Therefore, early monitoring of hyperopia reserve in children is vital for myopia prevention and control strategy.