干眼是一种以泪膜稳态失衡为特征的多因素眼表疾病，产生的眼部不适和视力障碍严重影响人们的生活质量和工作质量。近年来随着环境、生活方式的改变，儿童干眼的发病率逐年上升，引发众多关注。干眼的发病受到遗传因素、非遗传因素的影响，而非遗传因素如生活方式等可以通过人为干预进行改善。生活方式调整具有经济、安全、有效的特点，其对干眼发病风险的保护效力已被大量研究证实，故探明生活方式与儿童干眼的关联性具有十分重要的意义。相关研究分析了视频终端、角膜接触镜、低浓度阿托品滴眼液、睡眠不足、饮食等生活方式与儿童干眼的关系，本文对以上研究结果进行归纳并提出相关预防措施，为预防儿童干眼、延缓疾病发展提供理论依据。

Dry eye is a multifactorial ocular surface disease characterized by tear film dyshomeostasis, producing eye discomfort and visual impairment that seriously affects people's quality of life and quality of work. In recent years, the incidence of dry eye in children has been increasing year by year with the changes of environment and lifestyle, which has caused many concerns. Both genetic and non-genetic factors can affect the development of dry eye. However, non-genetic factors, such as lifestyle factors, can be improved by human intervention. Lifestyle modification is economical, safe and effective. It has proven to be efficient for preventing dry eye, so it is important to investigate the association between lifestyle and dry eye in children. Related studies analyzed the relationships between lifestyles such as video terminal, contact lens, low concentration of atropine eye drops, sleep, diet and dry eye in children. In this review, the above findings were summarized and relevant preventive measures were proposed, providing a new theoretical basis for preventing dry eye in children and delaying disease progression.

山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(No.202007020983)