[关键词]
[摘要]
年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)是全球范围内引起不可逆性视觉损伤的主要原因之一，且随着人口老龄化的加剧，患者数量逐渐增多，其中约90%为干性ARMD。干性ARMD缺乏有效的治疗措施，近年来成为了研究热点，其中药物治疗是主要的治疗方式之一。目前针对氧化损伤、炎症、血流障碍等ARMD致病因素，广泛开展了针对性的药物治疗，部分药物已被证实可减缓ARMD进展。本文总结了干性ARMD的药物治疗手段，包括抗氧化药物、补体类生物制剂、非甾体抗炎药和免疫抑制剂、血管扩张剂、神经保护药物及中药，对其作用机制及近年开展的临床研究进行综述，以期为干性ARMD的治疗与新药物的研发提供参考。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Age-related macular degeneration(ARMD)is one of the leading causes of irreversible visual impairment worldwide, and the number of patients is increasing with the aging of the population, with dry ARMD accounting for about 90% of cases. Effective treatments for dry ARMD are currently lacking, making it a prominent area of research. Pharmacotherapy, targeting pathogenic factors such as oxidative damage, inflammation, and vascular issues contributing to ARMD, is one of the main treatments and some drugs have been shown to slow the progression of ARMD. This article reviews drug treatments for dry ARMD, including antioxidant drugs, complement biological agents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and immunosuppressants, vasodilators, neurotrophic drugs, as well as traditional Chinese medicine. It summarizes their mechanisms and recent clinical research to contribute valuable insights for the treatment of dry ARMD and the development of novel therapeutic agents.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
广州市科技计划项目(No.202201020075); 广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(No.B2023251)
