[关键词]
[摘要]
斜视是指各种原因引起的眼外肌肌力失衡，视轴偏斜的一种眼科常见疾病。共同性外斜视是斜视的主要类型，疾病的形成被认为与遗传、眼调节功能异常、双眼解剖异常等因素有关。患者通常需要接受手术治疗，以使双眼视轴保持平行，促进立体视功能的恢复与建立。目前共同性外斜视的发病机制尚未有明确的病因学研究。文章对近年来共同性外斜视眼外肌中异常分子表达和病理学形态变化的研究情况做一总结，从分子及病理层面对共同性外斜视形成的病因进行分析，以期为疾病预防与临床治疗提供理论基础。文章围绕电镜下病理组织学变化，重链蛋白、卫星细胞、钙黏蛋白、生长因子等对眼外肌蛋白表达的影响进行讨论。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Strabismus, a common ocular condition, arises from an imbalance in the extraocular muscle force and deviation of the visual axis due to various factors. Concomitant strabismus is the predominant form of exotropia, with its pathogenesis believed to be associated with hereditary factors, abnormal eye accommodation function, and anomalies in binocular anatomy. Surgical intervention is often necessary for aligning the visual axes of both eyes and facilitating the recovery and establishment of stereoscopic vision. Despite this, the etiology of concomitant exotropia remains incompletely understood. This review consolidates recent research on aberrant molecular expression and pathological morphological changes within extraocular muscles affected by concomitant exotropia, offering insights into disease causation at molecular and pathological levels to underpin future preventive measures and clinical interventions. The discussion encompasses histological changes observed under electron microscopy as well as the impact of heavy chain protein, satellite cells, cadherin, growth factors on extraocular muscle protein expression.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然基金资助项目(No.81600747); 辽宁省教育厅基金项目(No.JYTMS20230089); 辽宁省科学技术计划项目(No.2023JH2/101700129)
