[关键词]
[摘要]
糖尿病黄斑缺血(DMI)作为糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)疾病进展中的一个重要指标，是导致患者视力下降的原因之一，其病理生理过程复杂，涉及血管结构改变、血液动力学异常等多个方面。传统的检查方法往往难以精准捕捉DMI的细微变化。近年来，光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)技术的出现，为DMI的诊断和治疗提供了全新的视角。OCTA技术不仅具有无创、安全、成像迅速的优点，而且能够提供高分辨率的视网膜血管图像，为DMI的定性和定量描述提供可能。OCTA技术能够直观地展示血管的形态和结构变化，还能够揭示DMI患者视网膜浅层和深层毛细血管丛的病变特征，有助于深入理解DMI的病理生理过程，为糖尿病性眼病所致的视力下降提供新的治疗方向。文章综述OCTA在黄斑缺血方面的应用进展，以期更深入了解DMI。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Diabetic macular ischemia(DMI), playing key roles behind the progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR), is one of the causes of vision loss. Its pathophysiological process is complex, involving vascular structure changes, hemodynamic abnormalities, and many other aspects. Traditional inspection methods often make it difficult to accurately capture subtle changes in DMI. In turn, optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)has opened a pathway to the diagnosis and treatment of DMI, which not only has the advantages of non-invasive, safe and rapid imaging, but also furnishes high-resolution retinal vascular images to provide qualitative and quantitative descriptions of DMI. OCTA can visually show the morphological and structural changes of blood vessels in the macular region, as well as reveal the characteristics of pathological changes in the superficial and deep capillary plexus of DMI patients, which provides a deeper understanding of DMI and a new treatment option of diabetic eye disease.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
首都卫生发展科研专项项目(No.2020-3-4184); 中国中医科学院眼科医院中央高水平中医医院项目(No.GSP1-05)
