目的：调查重庆市武隆区青少年儿童近视情况并分析相关影响因素。

方法：横断面研究。采用分层整群抽样方法，从武隆区抽取中小学生2 504人，进行近视筛查和问卷调查，并进行统计分析。

结果：武隆区青少年儿童实际受检学生2 431人，筛查出近视1 217人，近视患病率50.06%，其中近视知晓率64.59%，戴镜率51.85%。近视患病率随年龄及年级的增长而上升(P<0.05)，男生近视患病率(46.97%)低于女生(53.18%)，乡镇近视患病率(47.06%)低于城区(52.11%)(均P<0.05)。回归分析显示，户外活动是近视发生的保护性因素，女性、父母近视、用眼距离近、睡眠时间短、饮食喜好(甜食)则是近视发生的危险因素。

结论：武隆区青少年儿童近视患病率较高，近视知晓率和戴镜率偏低，该地区近视发生与户外活动时间、性别、父母近视、用眼距离、睡眠时间、饮食喜好有关。

METHODS:Cross-sectional study. A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 2 504 primary and secondary school students in Wulong district, and all students underwent myopia screen and questionnaire survey, statistics and analyses the data.

RESULTS:Totally 2 431 students were participated in this study, and 1 217 students with myopia were screened out, the prevalence rate of myopia was 50.06%, awareness rate of myopia was 64.59%, glasses wearing rate of myopia was 51.85%. The prevalence of myopia increased with age and grade(P<0.05), the prevalence of myopia in male(46.97%)was lower than in female(53.18%), and the prevalence of myopia in township(47.06%)was lower than in urban area(52.11%; all P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that outdoor activities were protective factor for myopia, while female, myopic parents, near vision work, short sleep duration and sweet tooth were risk factors for myopia.

CONCLUSION:The prevalence rate of myopia was higher in children and adolescent in Wulong district of Chongqing, awareness rate of myopia and glasses wearing rate of myopia were lower, and the genesis of myopia is highly relevant to outdoor activities, gender, myopic parents, near vision work, short sleep duration and sweet tooth.