目的：分析蓝黄视野(B/Y)联合黄斑区神经节细胞内丛状层(GCIPL)检测在开角型青光眼早期诊断中的价值。

方法：前瞻性病例对照研究。收集2023-05/2024-05于温州医科大学附属眼视光医院之江院区就诊的100例174眼患者作为病例组，健康志愿者20例40眼为对照组。病例组根据检查情况分为高眼压组、疑似青光眼组和早期青光眼组。所有研究对象均接受全面眼科检查、标准白/白视野(W/W)和B/Y检查，并利用SS-OCT扫描视盘和黄斑区，获得相关参数。分析B/Y联合黄斑区GCIPL诊断开角型青光眼的价值。

结果：病例组确诊为早期原发性开角型青光眼为30例52眼、疑似开角型青光眼46例82眼、高眼压24例40眼。早期青光眼组W/W-平均缺损(MD)、B/Y-MD值均小于对照组、高眼压组和疑似青光眼组，W/W-模式标准差(PSD)、B/Y-PSD值均高于对照组、高眼压组和疑似青光眼组(均P<0.05)； 疑似青光眼组W/W-MD、B/Y-MD值均小于对照组、高眼压组(均P<0.05)； 高眼压组B/Y-MD值小于对照组(P<0.05)。早期青光眼组黄斑区GCIPL各参数小于对照组、高眼压组和疑似青光眼组(均P<0.05)； 疑似青光眼组黄斑区GCIPL最小值、颞上方、颞下方均小于对照组、高眼压组(均P<0.05)。早期青光眼组视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)参数中平均值、上方、下方、颞侧、5：00位、6：00位、12：00位均小于对照组、高眼压组和疑似青光眼组(均P<0.05)； 疑似青光眼组RNFL参数中平均值、上方均小于对照组、高眼压组。早期青光眼组视神经乳头(ONH)参数中盘沿面积均小于对照组、高眼压组和疑似青光眼组，水平杯盘比、垂直杯盘比均高于对照组、高眼压组和疑似青光眼组； 疑似青光眼组盘沿面积均小于对照组、高眼压组，水平杯盘比、垂直杯盘比均高于对照组、高眼压组(均P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线结果显示，视野参数、黄斑区GCIPL各参数、RNFL参数对早期开角型青光眼、疑似青光眼均具有一定的诊断能力。决策曲线结果显示，阈值在0-1.0时，B/Y联合黄斑区GCIPL参数诊断早期开角型青光眼的净收益率均高于各指标的单独诊断效能。

结论：B/Y联合黄斑区GCIPL检测可作为早期青光眼诊断的重要手段。

METHODS: A prospective case-control study was conducted to collect 100 patients(174 eyes)from May 2023 to May 2024 in Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University as the case group, and 20 healthy volunteers(40 eyes)as the control group. The case group was divided into high intraocular pressure group, suspected glaucoma group, and early glaucoma group based on the examination results. All study subjects underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination, white-on-white perimetry(W/W)and B/Y examination, and swept source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)was used to scan the optic disc and macula to obtain relevant parameters. The value of B/Y combined with macular GCIPL in the diagnosis of open angle glaucoma was analyzed.

RESULTS: In the case group, 30 cases(52 eyes)were diagnosed with early primary open angle glaucoma, 46 cases(82 eyes)were suspected of open angle glaucoma, and 24 cases(40 eyes)were diagnosed with high intraocular pressure. The W/W mean defect(MD)and B/Y-MD values in the early glaucoma group were lower than those in the control group, high intraocular pressure group, and suspected glaucoma group. The W/W pattern standard deviation(PSD)and B/Y-PSD values were higher than those in the control group, high intraocular pressure group, and suspected glaucoma group(all P<0.05). The W/W-MD and B/Y-MD values in the suspected glaucoma group were lower than those in the control group and the high intraocular pressure group(all P<0.05). The B/Y-MD values in the high intraocular pressure group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). The parameters of GCIPL in the macular area of the early glaucoma group were lower than those of the control group, high intraocular pressure group, and suspected glaucoma group(all P<0.05). The minimum GCIPL in the macular area of the suspected glaucoma group, as well as the upper and lower temporal areas, were lower than those of the control group and the high intraocular pressure group(all P<0.05). The average, upper, lower, temporal, 5:00, 6:00, and 12:00 positions of the retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)parameters around the optic disc in the early glaucoma group were lower than those in the control group, high intraocular pressure group, and suspected glaucoma group(all P<0.05). The average and upper RNFL parameters in the suspected glaucoma group were lower than those in the control group and high intraocular pressure group. The rim area of the optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in the early glaucoma group was smaller than that in the control group, high intraocular pressure group, and suspected glaucoma group, while the horizontal and vertical cup-to-disc ratio was higher than those in the control group, high intraocular pressure group, and suspected glaucoma group; the rim area of the suspected glaucoma group was smaller than that of the control group and high intraocular pressure group, and the horizontal and vertical cup-to-disc ratio were higher than those of the control group and high intraocular pressure group(all P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn, and the results showed that visual field parameters, macular GCIPL parameters, and RNFL parameters had certain diagnosibility for early open angle glaucoma and suspected glaucoma. Decision curve was drawn, and the results showed that when the threshold was between 0 and 1.0, the net return rate of diagnosing early open angle glaucoma with the combination of B/Y and macular GCIPL parameters was higher than the individual diagnostic efficacy of each indicator.

CONCLUSION: The combination of B/Y and macular GCIPL detection can be an important means for the early diagnosis of glaucoma.