目的：探讨糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者外周血中炎症细胞因子和CD8⁺T细胞亚群的表达水平变化。

方法：回顾性研究。选取2022-04/07西安市人民医院(西安市第四医院)收治的2型糖尿病患者40例，根据患者视网膜是否发生病变分为单纯2型糖尿病(DM)组20例和糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)组20例，另选取同一时间体检正常20例作为对照组。采用ELISA法检测所有参与者外周血中IL-6、IL-8、IL-10细胞因子的表达水平； 流式细胞术分析CD8⁺T细胞中PD-1、TIM-3、CD28、CD57分子表达水平。

结果：ELISA法检测出DR患者外周血IL-6、IL-8、IL-10炎症细胞因子表达较DM组和对照组均显著升高(均P<0.001)； 流式细胞术分析显示，DR患者外周血CD8⁺T细胞中PD-1、TIM-3、CD57表达较DM组和对照组均升高(均P<0.001)，CD28表达均降低(均P<0.001)。

结论：DR患者体内可能由于IL-6、IL-8、IL-10促炎细胞因子的表达增多导致CD8⁺T细胞出现耗竭与衰老。

METHODS:Retrospective study. A total of 40 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital)from April to July 2022 were recruited for this study and categorized into two groups: 20 cases in the simple type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)group, and 20 cases in the DR group. Additionally, 20 healthy individuals undergoing routine physical examinations served as the control group. The expression levels of cytokines, including interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in peripheral blood were quantified using ELISA. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze the expression of programmed cell death-1(PD-1), T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein-3(TIM-3), CD28, and CD57 on CD8⁺ T cells.

RESULTS:The peripheral blood expression of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 inflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated in DR patients as detected by ELISA(all P<0.001); flow cytometry analysis showed that the expression of PD-1, TIM-3, and CD57 were elevated in peripheral blood CD8⁺ T cells of DR patients(all P<0.001), and the expression of CD28 was decreased(all P<0.001).

CONCLUSION:In DR patients, CD8⁺ T cells may undergo depletion and senescence as a result of elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10.