[关键词]
[摘要]
随着电子设备使用低龄化与生活方式改变，儿童干眼发病率显著上升，成为临床与科研热点。因其症状体征分离、表现隐匿、病因复杂，形成特殊诊疗群体。传统干眼检测存在儿童配合度低、准确性差、侵入性强等问题，且缺乏统一诊断指南，难以精准评估相关指标，亟需科学诊断技术与标准。近年来，新型检测技术带来突破。Keratograph 5M眼表综合分析仪可客观评估泪膜与睑板腺功能； DEQ-5等问卷提升低龄儿童症状反馈可行性； SM Tube试纸无创快速，利于泪液筛查； 人工智能革新诊断模式，提升效率与依从性。但现有技术面临基层普及难、缺乏儿童特异性参考值、跨学科数据整合不足等挑战。未来需多中心协作建立年龄分层诊断标准，融合人工智能与多模态检测，构建多元化评估体系，支撑儿童干眼早期干预与精准治疗。文章综述儿童干眼检测技术进展，针对其诊疗独特性，探讨临床难点，整合多模态与智能化方法，为精准诊断、降低误诊率、完善诊疗体系提供创新方案与实践路径。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
With the younger age of electronic device use and changes in lifestyle, the incidence of dry eye in children has significantly increased, becoming a research hotspot in clinical and scientific fields. Due to the dissociation of symptoms and signs, hidden manifestations, and complex etiology, children with dry eye form a special diagnostic and treatment group. Traditional dry eye detection methods have defects such as low cooperation from children, poor accuracy, and invasiveness, and the lack of a unified diagnostic guideline makes it difficult to accurately assess relevant indicators, urgently requiring scientific diagnostic technologies and standards. In recent years, new detection technologies have brought breakthroughs. The Keratograph 5M can objectively evaluate tear film stability and meibomian gland function; questionnaires such as DEQ-5 enhance the feasibility of subjective symptom feedback in young children; SM Tube test strips, with their rapid and non-invasive advantages, have become efficient tear screening tools; and the application of artificial intelligence(AI)has further revolutionized the diagnostic model, significantly improving diagnostic efficiency and children's compliance. However, existing technologies still face challenges such as difficulty in grassroots popularization, lack of child-specific reference values, and insufficient interdisciplinary data integration. Future efforts should focus on establishing age-stratified diagnostic criteria through multi-center collaboration, integrating AI with multimodal detection technologies, and constructing a diversified evaluation system to support early intervention and precision treatment for childhood dry eye. This paper systematically reviews the progress in detection technologies for childhood dry eye, focuses on the uniqueness of children as a special diagnostic and treatment group, discusses clinical difficulties and challenges, and integrates multimodal and intelligent methods to provide innovative solutions and practical pathways for precise diagnosis, reduction of misdiagnosis rates, and improvement of the diagnostic and treatment system for childhood dry eye.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82360201)
