AIM:To observe and analyse the visual acuity and refraction state of the preterm infants.·METHODS:To observe the visual acuity and static refraction of the 156 preterm infants(312 eyes) 4 to 6 years old and record the results.·RESULTS:The clinical data of 156 preterm infants(312 eyes)were observed,76.3% is hypermetropia(238 eyes),4.8% is myopia(15 eyes),9.0% is astigmatism(28 eyes),9.9% is emmetropia(31 eyes),physiological hypermetropia is the largest type.With the increasing of age,the percentage of hypermetropia goes down,the percentage of emmetropia and myopia goes up,and the percentage of emmetropia increases obviously.·CONCLUSION:The refraction state and visual acuity growth of preterm infants is close to that of normal infants,with the increasing of age,it shows the trend that the refraction state develops from hypermetropia to emmetropia or myopia.