·AIM:To compare the effects of corneal wavefront aberration guided LASIK and conventional LASIK on correcting corneal higher order aberration in low to moderate myopia.·METHODS:A prospective,non-randomized,controlled study included 110 low to moderate myopia eyes of 66 consecutive patients within half a year:58 eyes of 32 patients had LASIK(A group)and 52 eyes of 34 patients had corneal wavefront aberration guided LASIK(B group).All procedures were performed Esiris ninth generation of excimer laser system and carriazo pendular microkeratome made in Germany Schwind.The Optikon keratron Scout 2000(version 4.2.0)topographer device was used to examine corneal higher order aberration related to 6mm pupil diameter before and 3 months after surgery.·RESULTS:Increase was found in corneal spherical aberration and root mean square(rms)after 3 months surgery in two groups.The average increase of corneal higher order aberration was 0.236 μm in rms,0.146 μm in coma,0.139 μm in spherical aberration and 0.054μm in trefoil in low myopia cases of A group,A group moderate myopia cases appeared 0.367μm in rms,0.284μm in spherical aberration,0.177μm in coma and 0.021μm in trefoil;B group low myopia cases appeared 0.127μm in spherical aberration,0.088μm in rms,0.051μm in trefoil and 0.042μm in coma,B group moderate myopia cases appeared 0.175μm in rms,0.162 μm in spherical aberra-tion,0.027μm in coma and 0.024μm in trefoil.It was very close in average naked vision after 3 months surgery between two groups.Ablation depth with wavefront aberration guided LASIK was larger than that with LASIK under the same conditions on correcting low to moderate myopia.·CONCLUSION:Increase change of corneal higher order aberration after LASIK is larger than the change after corneal wavefront aberration guided LASIK on correcting low to moderate myopia.·