AIM:To investigate the situation of prevention and treatment for blindness,analyze the data and find a suitable way for prevention and treatment for blindness in rural area.METHODS:We used the random sampling method,sent the medical team to establish the long-lasting patients sifting mechanism,the medical team could organize the regular visit to the rural area,the same version checking flow sheet,standard logarithmic visual acuity chart and stenopaic spectacles were used to check the visual acuity,the imported portable slit-lamp and handheld ophthalmoscope were used to check the bottom of the eyes.In order to ensure the high quality of vision rehabilitation surgery,those who needed the operation had to accept the small incision non-phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation.The patients’ ages,gender were analyzed with statistically and samples were taken for epidemic analysis.RESULTS:We had visited the rural area for 201 times,it covered more than 200 towns,totally 23020 people had the examination,the major facts affecting the older people’s vision quality were cataract,pterygium,ametropia,and others,such as thygeson,retinopathy,glaucoma,strabismus,amblyopia,uveitis,eye tumor and orbital disease.The cataract prevalence rate was growing with age,the female had higher rate than male,it was statistically significant(P=0.005).There were 6869 people that could be applied the cataract extraction surgery,of which 5011 people had already done it.The sampling survey showed the visual rehabilitation rate was 99.2% and the disability recovery rate ws 95.0%,most patients could recover soon.CONCLUSION:The investigation of the epidemiology of rural area in Wenzhou provides us the reasons and distribution of blindness and shows us the direction of blindness prevention and treatment.Regular sifting mechanism in rural area of selecting and sending patients to have the small incision non-phacoemulsification cataract extraction is an acceptable mode in those undeveloped areas.