Anisometropia is when meridian is different in one or both eyes in refractive power.Anisometropia is a common cause of amblyopia in children.Its incidence shows a gradual upward trend with age.Anisometropia is not only due to differences in axial length but also other causes.Amblyopia is caused by integration difficulties and decreased stereopsis when anisometropia reached a certain degree.The pathogenesis of anisometropic amblyopia is complex.In recent years the neural mechanism has been achieved some results by magnetic resonance.At present correction methods of anisometropia included glasses,coverage and drug treatment,rigid gas permeable contact lenses (RGP),refractive surgery,et al.Glasses combined with coverage and drug treatment are the most traditional treatments.Glasses has weekness which can not be avoided but RGP can overcome this difficulty.Refractive surgery can avoid optical aberrations and improve stereopsis better than RGP and glasses.