AIM:To study the clinical effects of compound trabeculectomy in the second filtration surgery and compare the safety and effectiveness between traditional trabeculectomy and compound trabeculectomy.METHODS:Totally 24 cases(24 eyes)of glaucoma for the second filtration surgery were randomly divided into two groups,14 cases (14 eyes) who underwent compound trabeculectomy(traditional trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin and adjustable sutured scleral flap) were observation group and 10 cases (10 eyes) underwent trabeculectomy(traditional trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin) as control to compare the postoperative intraocular pressure(IOP),filtration,the depth of anterior chamber and postoperative complications between the two groups.RESULTS:Twenty-four eyes were successful.In the follow-up of 12 months,on the first day of postoperation,the incidence rate of shallow anterior chamber in observation group and control group were 7% and 30% respectively(P<0.05).12 months later,the rate of IOP from 6-21 mmHg in observation group and control group were 86% and 40% respectively (P<0.05).Functional filtering bubbles were 86% and 40% respectively (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Compound trabeculectomy is effective and safe in the second filtration surgery and superior to the traditional trabeculectomy.The key of successful operation lies in using mitomycin and adjustable sutured scleral flap.