AIM:To observe the characteristic of the images of fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) in patients with traumatic macular hole (TMH ) and to detect the clinical significance of FD-OCT. METHODS:Consecutive 29 patients (29 eyes) diagnosed with TMH by examinations of visual acuity, slit-lamp and direct or indirect ophthalmoscopy underwent FD-OCT. The characteristic of the images of FD-OCT in patients with TMH were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS:Of the 29 patients (29 eyes) with TMH, lamellar macular hole was in 3 cases of 3 eyes(10%), OCT showed macular neurosensory partial deletion; full-thickness macular hole was in 26 cases of 26 eyes(90%), OCT images were seen macular neurosensory full-thickness loss. In the 26 patients with full-thickness macular hole, macular hole with full-thickness defect of neurosensory retina without edema or detachment at the margin was in 3 cases 3 eyes; full-thickness macular hole with edema of neurosensory retina at the margin in 6 cases 6 eyes; macular hole with localized detachment of the neurosensory retina at the margin in 5 cases 5 eyes; macular hole with choroidal rupture at the margin in 7 cases 7 eyes; macular hole with thinning neurosensory retina at the margin in 3 cases 3 eyes and macular hole with epiretinal membrane in 2 cases 2 eyes. CONCLUSION:FD-OCT can clearly observe the form of traumatic macular hole and display the surrounding tissue damage.FD-OCT is useful for disease evaluation and clinical diagnosis of TMH.