AIM:To observe the clinical efficacy of conjunctival flap transplantation with autologous corneal limbal stem cells in affected eye plus conjunctival flap transplantation with autologous corneal limbal stem cells in healthy eye for monocular bilateral pterygium. METHODS:Twenty-four cases of 24 eyes with monocular bilateral pterygium underwent pterygium resection and autologous corneal limbal stem cell transplantation, nasal conjunctival flap was gotten from the affected eyes,temporal conjunctival flap from the healthy eye.The clinical effect was observed with follow-up of 7-16 months. RESULTS:All patients had good results in wound healing, 1 cases relapsed, recurrence rate was 4%. CONCLUSION：Conjunctival flap transplantation with autologous corneal limbal stem cells in affected eye plus conjunctival flap transplantation with autologous corneal limbal stem cells in healthy eye for monocular bilateral pterygium has good clinical effect and low recurrence rate, which provides a better way to solve high recurrence rate.