AIM: To discuss the treatment perscription and effect of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. METHODS: The clinical records of 21973 cases 28722 eyes(20937 cases 27521 eyes of phacoemulsification, 1036 cases 1201 eyes of extracapsular cataract extraction)with infective endophthalmitis after cataractopiesis and intraocular lens implants in our hospital from 2006 to 2010 were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS: There were 11 eyes of infectious endophthalmitis and the infection rate was 0.04%,9 eyes of which occurred after phacoemulsification, and 2 eyes of which occurred after extracapsular cataract extraction. 5 eyes showed positive results in pathogens cultures, included 2 eyes of staphylococcus epidermidis, 1 eye of staphylococcus aureus, 1 eye of light green aerococcus and 1 eye of fungus. 73%(8/11) of postoperative endophthalmitis occurred within 2 weeks after cataract surgery. Anterior chamber lavage and intravitreal injection of vancomycin were performed when aqueous humor was turbid or anterior chamber was full of empyema;anterior chamber lavage and an operation of vitrectomy were performed when the anterior chamber was full of empyema with obviously turbid vitreum, or when infection aggravated 1 to 2 days after lavaging the anterior chamber and injecting vancomycin into vitreous cavity. All of the 11 eyes kept eyeball after surgery . CONCLUSION: Endophthalmitis after cataract surgery usually occurs within 2 weeks after ocular surgery．Effective treatment of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery can effectively control bacteria and improve vision prognosis. Anterior chamber lavage and intravitreal injection of vancomycin combined with pars plana vitrectomy are effective to treat the infective endophthalmitis after cataract surgery．