To investigate a new operation method of excision of primary pterygium to prevent pterygium recurring. METHODS:Fifteen cases (15 eyes) of primary pterygium were operated under operating microscope.- Pterygium was excised and conjunctival autograft was performed at the same time. Follow-up lasted 3 to 12 months after operation. RESULTS:Fifteen cases (15 eyes) were all cured. There were no recurrence and no complication during the operation and postoperation. CONCLUSION:Excision of pterygium-combined with-conjunctival autograft under the operating microscope is a new effective method, which can retain the normal anatomic structure of the ocular surface utmostly, lower recurrence rate and cannot influence cataract and glaucoma surgery.