AIM: To evaluate the efficiency and feasibility of “excessive evaporation” rabbit dry eye model by ectropion surgery. METHODS: Dry eye models of rabbits were established by ectropion surgeries in a random eye of 6 New Zealand rabbits, while the other eyes of the rabbits were used as control. Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt), fluorescence staining and 1% rose Bengal staining were performed before and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28 days after surgery. Cornea, conjunctiva and lacrimal glands tissues biopsy was carried out under light microscope. RESULTS: SⅠt was significantly abnormal after surgery except the first day(P<0.05). Fluorescence staining showed on the 5^th days after surgery and appeared most significantly on the 5^th day. Rose Bengal staining showed on the first day after surgery and appeared most significantly on the 14th day. The biopsy showed: the layer of the cornea epithelium of the experimental eye increased. The squamous cell disappeared irregularly. The cells arranged disorderly. The surface of the conjuctiva was not smooth. And the goblet cell developed compensatory hyperplasia. Lacrimal glands showed no significant abnormal changes. CONCLUSION: Using suture method ectropion surgery to prepare rabbit dry eye model is stable, simple and effective, which is worth populating.