AIM: To study the long-term clinical efficacy of large range retinotomy and silicone oil tamponade for the treatment of complex ocular trauma, and to investige the influence of silicone oil choice to eye ball, intraocular pressure(IOP) and visual function.METHODS:Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 28 cases (28 eyes)with complex open ocular trauma with retinal incarceration treated by large range retinotomy combined with silicone oil tamponade. There were male 27 cases, female 1 case, aged 19-57 years old. The 180 degrees -360 degrees retinotomy and partial excision, laser photocoagulation and silicone oil tamponade were performed intraoperatively. Ten cases performed 360 degrees retinotomy to ambitus, 18 cases performed 180 degrees retinotomy and partial retinectomy. Silicone oil removal conditions:silicone oil tamponade for more than 6 months, the IOP>10mmHg, retinal reattachment well, retinotomy edges closed well. Postoperative follow-up was 2-5 years.RESULTS:Afterretinotomy, retinectomy and silicone oil tamponade, the early retina all reset. In 10 cases of 360 degrees retinotomy, 8 eyes ( 80%) removed silicone oil, 2 eyes ( 20%) became silicone support eyes due to the IOP<5mmHg. In 8 eyes of silicone oil removal, 2 eyes with IOP in the normal range, vision as counting fingers. In other 6 eyes, the IOP was in 3-7mmHg with corneal edema turbidity, choroidal edema, in which 3 eyes associated with vitreous hemorrhage and 5 eyes appeared eyeball atrophy, eye fetal implanted in second stage. In 18 eyes of 180 degrees retinectomy, open line after removal of silicone oil, 17 eyes' corrected visual acuity was from counting fingers- 0.3, the IOP in the normal range, 1 eye (5.5%) occurred eyeball atrophy.CONCLUSION:Complex severe ocular trauma retinal incarceration treated by large rangeretinotomy, retinectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade, although early retinal reattachment rate is high, but the long-term rate of low IOP and eyeball atrophy is also high. We should strictly control the operation pointer.