AIM: To discuss and analyze the common causes of preschool children ocular trauma, clinical characteristic, diagnostic methods and therapeutic principles, in order to better provide theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment.

METHODS: Totally 37 patients with preschool children ocular trauma from January 2011 to January 2013 in our hospital were analyzed. The sex, age, injury causes, injury types, eyesight condition, diagnosis and treatment were retrospectively analyzed so as to explore the clinical prevention and treatment of disease.

RESULTS: The ocular trauma in preschool children was serious, more common in boys than girls, the nature of the injuries was sharp injury, and it was one of the important causes of children blindness.

CONCLUSION: Preschool children ocular trauma is more urgent, with more complications and poor prognosis, timely discovery and correct diagnosis and treatment, and grasp the operation indication can reduce ocular trauma of visual function damage, reduce the rate of blindness.