AIM: To explore the causes of vitreous hemorrhage and the clinical efficacy of vitrectomy in vitreous hemorrhage.

METHODS:Totally 162 patients(173 eyes)with vitreous hemorrhage who underwent vitrectomy were analyzed.

RESULTS: Postoperative diagnosis: in 173 eyes, proliferative diabetic retinopathy 83 eyes(48.0%), branch retinal vein occlusion 24 eyes(13.9%), Eales disease 13 eyes(7.5%), central retinal vein occlusion 10 eyes(5.8%), traumatic vitreous hemorrhage 9 eyes(5.2%), retinal hole 8 eyes(4.6%), retinal detachment 9 eyes(5.2%), proliferative vitreoretinopathy 7 eyes(4.0%), pure vitreous hemorrhage 4 eyes(2.3%), retinal artery aneurysm 2 eyes(1.2%), polypoid choroidal vasculopathy 2 eyes(1.2%), chorioretinitis 1 eye(0.6%), age-related macular degeneration 1 eye(0.6%). Different causes were distributed in different ages, postoperative follow-up 3-15mo, visual acuity after treatment was compared with that before treatment, unchanged 41 eyes(23.7%), improved 115 eyes(66.5%), decreased 17 eyes(9.8%). Compared with the preoperative visual acuity difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:Proliferative diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion and Eales disease are the main causes of vitreous hemorrhage. To some extent, vitrectomy surgery has a little complications and it can improve visual acuity. Vitreous hemorrhage is a safe and effective treatment method.