AIM: To analyze the etiological factors in non-traumatic nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy vitreous hemorrhage.

METHODS: The etiological factor in a total of 46 patients(46 eyes)with follow-up records from July 2009 to June 2013 in our department were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS:Retinal vein occlusion(RVO)was the principal cause(16 eyes, 34.8%), the second were retinal hole or retinal detachment(RH/RD)and exudative age-related macular degeneration(EAMD)(8 eyes, 17.4%), the third was posterior vitreous detachment(PVD)(4 eyes, 8.7%). The other rare causes were retinal macroaneurysm(3 eyes, 6.5%), hypertension(2 eyes, 4.3%), Eales' disease(2 eyes, 4.3%), polypoidal choroidal vaseulopathy(PCV)(1 eye, 2.2%), suprachoroidal hemorrhage(SCH)(1 eye, 2.2%), uveitis(1 eye, 2.2%).

CONCLUSION: Retinal vein occlusion, retinal hole or retinal detachment, and exudative age-related macular degeneration are frequent causes of non-traumatic non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy vitreous hemorrhage.