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[摘要]
目的：利用共焦显微镜观察青光眼患者角膜内皮细胞密度及形态学变化，探讨角膜内皮细胞损伤原因，采取必要措施进行保护。
方法：选取不同类型青光眼患者97例143眼，与患者年龄相匹配的正常人20例40眼。采用共焦显微镜观察、测量角膜内皮细胞密度和细胞面积、细胞变异系数等各项指标，分析比较不同类型青光眼各组角膜内皮细胞各项测量指标的差异。
结果：年龄相匹配正常人组角膜内皮细胞密度2893.88±255.026个/mm2，急性闭角型青光眼组1 674.11±683.95个/mm2，开角型青光眼组2 687.22±391.87个/mm2，慢性闭角型青光眼组2 706.97±351.27个/mm2。，在各项指标中，角膜内皮平均密度、平均面积均有统计学意义(F=62.950，8.795； P值均为0.000)，其中尤以急性闭角型青光眼组与各组相比差异显著。
结论：急性闭角型青光眼发作眼角膜内皮细胞各项指标明显低于正常人。开角型与慢性闭角型青光眼角膜内皮细胞与正常人相比，有差别但不显著。眼压升高时限是损伤角膜内皮细胞主要因素。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
ATM: To define the causes of corneal endothelial cell damage, to investigate the preventive methods, and to observe the variety of corneal endothelial cell in glaucoma using confocal microscope.
METHODS: Totally, 143 eyes of 97 patients with different types of glaucoma, and matched normal people were 20 cases, all 40 eyes. The cell density, cell area and cell variable coefficient were measured used confocal microscope. These indicatives of every kind of glaucoma were compared.
RESULTS: The corneal endothelial cell density of normal group was 2 893.88±255.026/mm2, the group of acute angle-closure glaucoma(AACG)was 1 674.11±683.95/mm2, and the group of open angle glaucoma(OAG)was 2 687.22±391.87/mm2, the group of chronic angle-closure glaucoma(CACG)was 2 706.97±351.27/mm2. In all index the average cell density of corneal endothelial and the average area have statistical significance(F=62.950, 8.795; P=0.000), especially the group of AACG.
CONCLUSION: The index of corneal endothelial cell in AACG is lower than that of normal. All index in OAG and CACG is difference with that of normal, but the difference has no statistical significance. And the dominant factor of damaged corneal endothelial is the time of intraocular hypertension.
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