方法：收集2012-01/2014-05于我院就诊的高度近视儿童12例(屈光度≥-6.00D)，中度近视儿童14例(-3.00D≤屈光度<-6.00D)，轻度近视儿童14例(0D≤屈光度<-3.00D)，对所有患儿完善RNFL厚度测量，并进行组间对比。

结果：高度近视组平均RNFL厚度为102.36±10.33μm，中度近视组平均RNFL厚度为106.52±9.46μm，轻度近视组平均RNFL厚度为112.66±9.79μm。高度近视组较轻度近视组儿童平均RNFL厚度变薄，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)； 高度近视组与中度近视组、中度近视组与轻度近视组相比，RNFL差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 在下方象限，高度近视组与轻度近视组，中度近视组与轻度近视组RNFL对比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，其余三组各象限对比差异均无统计学意义。

结论：在高度近视患者平均R较轻度近视组明显变薄，且在下方象限高度近视与中度近视组较轻度近视组均明显变薄。在对近视儿童的诊疗过程中，我们应当完善近视RNFL厚度检查辅助诊断，可为近视儿童的观察及随访提供客观指标。

METHODS:Forty Chinese children between 4 and 10 years of age in our hospital from January 2012 to May 2014 were selected as test subjects. Patients whose manifest refraction measurement values ranged 0D≤diopter<-3.00D were classified as low myopia group(14 cases), those -3.00D≤diopter<-6.00D were classified as moderate myopia group(14 cases), and those ≥-6.00D were classified as high myopia group(12 cases). RNFL thickness was measured by time-domain optical coherence tomography(OCT: Stratus OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec)for every subject.

RESULTS:The average RNFL thicknesses were 102.36±10.33μm in high myopia group, 112.66±9.79μm in low myopia group and 106.52±9.46μm in moderate myopia group. A statistically significant difference was found between high myopia and low myopia groups(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference found neither between high myopia and mild myopia groups, nor between moderate myopia and low myopia groups(P>0.05). In addition, RNFL thickness was decrease especially in the inferior quadrant in children with high myopia and moderate myopia compared with low myopia groups(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:The average RNFL thickness is significantly thinner in high myopic children relative to low myopic children. And, the average RNFL thickness of inferior quadrant is significantly thinner in high myopic and moderate myopia children relative to low myopic children. Therefore, when interpreting OCT results of RNFL thickness in the clinic, more attention should be given to changes associated with myopia.