Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes. It also is a world's major causes of blind eye diseases. Although the injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor intraocular drug is becoming a hotspot of current research. Pan retinal photocoagulation(PRP)remains the effective and economical treatment for DR. As a destructive treatment, PRP will inevitably cause some changes on the normal morphology and function of the retinal and cornea. Currently, with the development of the optical coherence tomography, confocal microscopy and other auxiliary examination, we have more accurate and objective research to better understand the laser-neural tissue interaction. This may help us to protect the patient's visual function more efficiently.