As past epidemiological results show, in addition to cataract, glaucoma is the second major cause of blindness in the world. Among them, primary open angle glaucoma is with high incidence, low and unobvious development. Its cause and pathogenesis is complex and diverse. In the early stage, most patients have no obvious symptoms. Most of them have entered middle or late stage when they visit the doctor and the visual impairment is irreversible, which extremely harm the family and the society. Therefore, early detection and treatment is the first priority to prevent further damage to visual function in patients with glaucoma. In recent years, with the proportion of the disease increasing year by year, new methods of diagnosis and treatment is one after another. But whether in early or late stage, reducing the intraocular pressure(IOP), keeping it in the target IOP range and delaying the visual impairment are still the ultimate goal of treatments. This test will be a summary of the diagnosis and treatment of primary open angle glaucoma based on the relevant literature in recent years.