AIM: To investigate the infection factors, diagnosis and treatment of endophthalmitis after intraocular foreign body injury.

METHODS: Totally 256 cases with intraocular foreign bodies including the occurrence of endophthalmitis in 42 cases were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTS: The incidence of endophthalmitis after intraocular foreign body injury was 16.4%. Posterior segment foreign bodies and combined with traumatic cataract were the risk factors of endophthalmitis after intraocular foreign body injury(all P<0.05). Intravitreal injection of vancomycin hydrochloride and ceftazidime in the treatment of intraocular foreign body injury reduced the incidence of endophthalmitis(P<0.05). Types and sizes of intraocular foreign bodies,the time of extraction and the condition of wound had no significant effect on the incidence of endophthalmitis(all P>0.05). Vitrectomy was the main treatment of endophthalmitis.

CONCLUSION: Posterior segment foreign bodies and combined with traumatic cataract were the risk factors of endophthalmitis after intraocular foreign body injury. It should be kept the integrity of the posterior capsule of lens in traumatic cataract surgery. Intravitreal injection of vancomycin and ceftazidime is recommended in emergency surgery. Vitrectomy should be performed as soon as possible when confirmed endophthalmitis.