Glaucoma is the second cause of the blindness in the world, and there is no clear pathogenesis about it. What we can do nowadays is only studying symptomatic treatment including the reduction of the intraocular pressure and so on. Only by this can we reduce the irreversible damage of the optic nerve caused by glaucoma. Aqueous humor contains a large number of cytokines, including pro-inflammatory factors, oxidative stress factors, growth factors, etc. These cytokines play a vital role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of the glaucoma. As one of the most common pro-inflammatory factors, interleukin-6(IL-6)becoming the object of many clinical trials both here and abroad in recent years. This paper summarizes both the mechanism of glaucoma injury and the role of IL-6 in it. And from this article we can analyze the relationship between interleukin-6 and glaucoma for developing new ideas about treatments of glaucoma in the future.