目的：调查分析保定地区青光眼患病率现状。

方法：于2017-05/12采取整群抽样法选择保定地区市民4 960名进行青光眼排查，分析各类青光眼发病率以及发病年龄、性别分布情况，比较已诊断和新诊断青光眼患者眼部病变情况。

结果：青光眼患病率为2.72%(135/4960)，其中原发性闭角型青光眼(primary angle-closure glaucoma，PACG)、原发性开角型青光眼(primary open angle glaucoma，POAG)、先天性青光眼(congenital glaucoma，CG)、继发性青光眼(secondary glaucoma，SG)患病率依次为51.85%、20.00%、17.04%、11.11%，男、女构成比例依次为1：1.92、3.50：1、2.83：1、1：1.14，青光眼患者的男女比例相比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 40岁以上PACG、POAG、SG、CG构成比例依次为95.71%、51.85%、52.17%、0，≤49岁、50～69岁、≥70岁各年龄段的PACG、POAG、SG、CG构成比依次为1：5.63：2.13、4.5：1.25：1、4.67：2：1、15：0：0，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)； 已诊断、新诊断青光眼患者视野改变、眼压>21mmHg发生情况相比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 新诊断青光眼患者单眼低视力、单眼盲发生率比已诊断青光眼患者低，视神经改变发生率比已诊断青光眼患者高，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：保定地区青光眼患病率为2.72%，其中以PACG患病率最高，其他依次为POAG、SG、CG，其发病率与性别无关，除CG发生于特定人群外，50～69岁为PACG高发阶段，POAG、SG患病率随年龄的增加而降低，青光眼新诊断患者的眼盲率较低，但病情进展程度较为严重。

METHODS: Totally 4 960 residents in Baoding were selected through cluster sampling between May 2017 and December of 2017 for glaucoma screening. The incidence of different types of glaucoma and the age and sex distribution were analyzed. The eye lesions of patients with diagnosed and newly diagnosed glaucoma were compared.

RESULTS: The prevalence of glaucoma was 2.72%(135/4960), among which the prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG), primary open angle glaucoma(POAG), congenital glaucoma(CG)and secondary glaucoma(SG)was respectively 51.85%, 20.00%, 17.04%, and 11.11%, and the ratio of male to female for which was 1:1.92, 3.50:1, 2.83:1, and 1:1.14 respectively. There was no significant difference in the ratio of males and females in glaucoma patients(P>0.05). The composing proportions of patients with PACG, POAG, SG and CG over 40 were 95.71%, 51.85%, 52.17% and 0 respectively, and the composing ratios of patients with PACG, POAG, SG, and CG in age brackets of ≤49 years, 50-69, and ≥70 years were 1:5.63:2.13, 4.5:1.25:1, 4.67:2:1 and 15:0:0 respectively, with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the changes of visual field and intraocular pressure >21mmHg in diagnosed and newly diagnosed glaucoma patients(P>0.05). The incidence of monocular low vision and monocular blindness in patients newly diagnosed with glaucoma was lower than that in patients diagnosed with glaucoma, and the incidence of optic nerve changes in the former was higher than that in the latter, with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of glaucoma in Baoding is 2.72%, of which PACG has the highest prevalence rate, followed by POAG, SG, and CG, and its incidence is not correlated with gender. Except for CG, which occurs in certain populations, PACG has the highest incidence among those of 50-69 years old. The prevalence of POAG and SG reduces with age, and the incidence of blindness is relatively low in new diagnosis patients with glaucoma, but the progression of the disease is more serious.