AIM: To explore the factors and analyze the occurrence of neovascular glaucoma(NVG)after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).

METHODS:Retrospective analysis on the clinical materials from January 2013 to December 2017, including 233 PDR patients(237 eyes)treated with vitrectomy in which 20 patients(20 eyes)occurred NVG after vitrectomy surgeries. The factors might lead to NVG were investigated.

RESULTS: Totally 20 patients(20 eyes)developed NVG, in which there were 12 eyes combined with cataract surgeries, of the 12 eyes, 6 eyes had posterior lens capsule deficiency; 14 eyes complicated with hypertensions; 16 eyes complicated with hyperlipoidemia; 6 eyes had reoperations of vitrectomy surgeries; 2 eyes were silicone oil-filled eyes or silicone oil-removed eyes. There were correlations between the combinations of the cataract surgeries, posterior lens capsule deficiency, and vitrectomy with the occurrences of NVG after PDR surgeries; vitreous silicone oil filling might inhibit the occurrence of NVG to a certain extent. There was no statistical significance in hypertensions, high plasma lipids and reoperations of vitrectomy surgery for occurrence of NVG after PDR surgery.

CONCLUSION: There is positive significance in correctly grasping the timing of lens surgery, and properly selecting the vitreous cavity filler.