AIM:To investigate the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)in Sichuan Province.

METHODS: From July 2017 to Augest. 2018, 238 premature infants(476 eyes)with gestational age of 34wk or less, or birth weight of 2500g or less, were examined by RetCamⅢ for ROP screening. The infants were divided into ROP group and non-ROP group according to the results of screening. Meanwhile, the general condition of the premature infants and maternal health during pregnancy were assessed and recorded to determine the risk factors of ROP.

RESULTS: In 238 infants(476 eyes), ROP developed in 35 infants and the incidence of ROP was 14.7%, which including 14 cases(28 eyes)suffering from stage 1, 11 cases(22 eyes)from stage 2, 8 cases(16 eyes)from stage 3, 2 cases(4 eyes)from stage 4, 0 cases from stage 5. 12 cases(24 eyes)received laser therapy. The gestation age and birth weight in non-ROP group were higher than ROP group, significant difference was found between the two groups(P<0.01). The incidence of ROP was statistically significant between different gestational age groups and different birth weight groups(P<0.01). The ratios of oxygen inhalation>72h, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and mechanical ventilation in non-ROP group and ROP group were statistically significant(P=0.034; P=0.001; P=0.004). However, the significant difference had not been found with other systemic diseases of the premature infants sand maternal health during pregnancy between the two groups(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: The incidence of ROP in Sichuan Province is 14.7% from July 2017 to Augest 2018. The gestation age, birth weight, oxygen inhalation>72h, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and mechanical ventilation are high risk factors for the occurrence of ROP.