Retinal neovascularization is a pathological feature of many retinal diseases, such as retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy, which can lead to severe vision loss or even blindness. Inhibition of retinal neovascularization is a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of these retinal diseases. At present, there are several therapeutic strategies for inhibiting retinal neovascularization, including laser blocking, inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), and transplantation of stem cells. With the deepening of stem cell research, people find that although stem cell therapy has great potential, there are also technical obstacles such as low viability of transplanted cells and congenital heterogeneity. Current studies have found exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs). They have similar functions as MSCs, and their sizes are small and easy to pass through biofilm, which provides a new idea for cell therapy. This paper reviews the recent progress of exosomes on retinal neovascular diseases.