AIM: To investigate the risk factors about recrudescence of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)after anti-VEGF treatment.

METHODS: A retrospective study about all the infants diagnosed with ROP and treated with anti-VEGF from June 2016 to October 2019 in our hospital. They were divided into recrudescence group(8 cases)and non- recrudescence group(48 cases). The relationship between various clinical risk factors and the recrudescence of ROP after anti-VEGF treatment were considered. Those risk factors included birth weight, gestational age, thrombocytosis, anemia, coagulation disorder, sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, asphyxia, pneumonia, intracranial hemorrhage, patent foramen ovale, and patency ductus arteriosus.

RESULTS: According to single-factor analysis, birth weight and intracranial hemorrhage showed statistically significant differences between recrudescence group and non-recrudescence group. Logistic regression analysis showed low birth weight(OR=9.800, P=0.039)and intracranial hemorrhage(OR=17.571, P=0.002)had relationship with recrudescence of ROP after anti-VEGF.

CONCLUSION: Low birth weight(<1 000g)and intracranial hemorrhage are the risk factors about recrudescence of ROP after anti-VEGF.