The pneumonia caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)abbreviated as Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)has been classified as a Class B infectious disease under the management of Class A infectious diseases in China. COVID-19 caused by hospital-related transmission is not uncommon and poses a serious threat to clinical medical staff and inpatients. This article introduces that ophthalmologists should master the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of COVID-19, how ophthalmologists cope with the emergency patients in ophthalmology, focus on the key points of infection prevention and control in ophthalmology emergency and surgery, and strengthen specific prevention and control measures, so as to provide reference for infection prevention and control in ophthalmology medical care in the front line of war epidemics.