Considering the increased use of electronic devices, the incidence of dry eye disease(DED)has been rising. The condition has seriously affected people's work and lives. DED, the most common ocular surface disease, can be caused by many factors. The meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)is one of the main factors. Either abnormal secretions from the meibomian gland or an obstruction of the gland ducts can lead to evaporative dry eye. By summarising the relevant literature, this review addresses the aetiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of DED associated with MGD.