AIM: To observe the changes of tear film osmolarity(TFO)and inflammatory cytokines after wearing orthokeratology lens.

METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled trial. Totally 79 cases of adolescent myopia(-1.00D to -5.00D)were selected from May 2016 to February 2019. Then they were randomly divided into the experimental group(39 cases)and the control group(40 cases). The experimental group wore orthokeratology lens, and the control group wore frame glasses. Their average noninvasive Keratograph tear breakup time(NIKBUTav), TFO, concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα in tear samples were observed for 1a.

RESULTS: NIKBUTav and TNFα after wearing orthokeratology lens for 6mo, 1a and stopping wearing for 4wk were different from that pre-wearing orthokeratology lens(P<0.001). TFO after wearing orthokeratology lens for 1, 3, 6, 12mo were different from that pre-wearing orthokeratology lens(P<0.001). IL-1β and IL-6 in tears after wearing orthokeratology lens for 3, 6, 1a were different from that pre-wearing orthokeratology lens(P<0.001). One year later, NIKBUTav of orthokeratology group(8.54±1.92s)was lower than that of glasses group(12.93±2.22s)(P<0.001). The levels of TFO, IL-6 and TNFα in the orthokeratology group were higher than those in the glasses group(P<0.01). However, there was no difference in IL-1β between the orthokeratology group(16.60±4.32ng/mL)and the glasses group(14.67±4.43ng/mL)(P=0.053).

CONCLUSION After wearing orthokeratology lens, NIKBUTav decreased, and TFO, IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα increased, but they were reversible.